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Ælfhelm of York
Ælfhelm (died 1006) was the ealdorman of Northumbria, in practice southern Northumbria (the area around York), from about 994 until his death. An ealdorman (or earl) was a senior nobleman who governed a province—a shire or group of shires—on behalf of the king. Ælfhelm's powerful and wealthy family came from Mercia, a territory and former kingdom incorporating most of central England, and he achieved his position despite being an outsider. Ælfhelm first appears in charters as ''dux'' ("ealdorman") in about 994.
Most of Ælfhelm's subsequent historical appearances record him as a witness to charters, although one notable exception is the will of his brother, Wulfric Spot. According to a 12th-century tradition, Ælfhelm was murdered and his sons blinded in 1006, by Eadric Streona with the connivance of King (Æthelred II). Ælfhelm's daughter, Ælfgifu, married Cnut the Great, King of England between 1016 and 1035, as a result of which Ælfhelm became the grandfather of future English king Harold Harefoot.〔
==Origins==
Ælfhelm was a Mercian, son of Wulfrun, a rich noblewoman who founded Burton Abbey. His father is unknown, but it is thought that he was of lower rank than Wulfrun as Wulfric Spot, Ælfhelm's brother, is called "Wulfric son of Wulfrun", suggesting that his status derived mainly from his mother.〔Williams, Smyth and Kirby, ''Biographical Dictionary'', p. 241, s.v. "Wulfric Spot" and "Wulfrun"〕 Wulfric Spot founded Burton Abbey, but little is known about Ælfhelm's sister, Ælfthryth.〔Baxter, ''Earls of Mercia'', p. 301〕
Wulfrun also founded the Minster of St Mary's at Wolverhampton, a settlement which took her name ("Wulfrun's chief settlement").〔Williams, Smyth and Kirby, ''Biographical Dictionary'', p. 241, s.v. "Wulfrun"〕 Her earliest association is with Tamworth, when she is mentioned as the only hostage taken after Amlaíb mac Gofraid, Norse-Gael King of Northumbria, captured that city in 940.〔 It is thought that her lands were mostly in Staffordshire, while most of Wulfric Spot's lands were in Staffordshire, Derbyshire, and western Warwickshire.〔Sawyer, "Wulfric Spot"; Williams, Smyth and Kirby, ''Biographical Dictionary'', p. 241, s.v. "Wulfrun"〕
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